A certificate file can look correct while a load balancer still serves an older or incomplete chain. Diagnose the live endpoint and keep transport, identity, and trust as separate checks.
Query the public endpoint
Use the exact hostname clients use so SNI selects the correct certificate. Record the resolved IP when multiple regions are involved.
example.com:443Verify identity and validity
Confirm the SAN contains the hostname and that the current time is between Not Before and Not After.
Subject Alternative Name / Not AfterInspect the presented chain
The leaf should be followed by the required intermediate certificates. Servers normally should not send an unnecessary root certificate.
leaf → intermediateRetest after deployment
Check the live endpoint from more than one network after replacing a certificate or CDN configuration.
openssl s_client -connect example.com:443 -servername example.com- Check the live endpoint, not only a local PEM file.
- Hostname, expiry, and chain trust are separate failures.
- SNI and regional routing can change the certificate served.